【摘要】高考英語語法：介詞的用法匯總學(xué)案！供大家參考，更多高考信息可關(guān)注閩州教育高考資訊專欄。
英語語法：表示位置關(guān)系的介詞at, in的用法
表示位置關(guān)系的介詞
1.at, in
當(dāng)事物被視作一點(diǎn)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)其空間常用介詞at，而強(qiáng)調(diào)事物空間或地域內(nèi)部時(shí)用in。比如：
We’ll meet at the theatre.
我們在劇院碰面。
There are about 1,000 seats in the theatre.
劇院有約1，000個(gè)座位。
You may getoff at 25th Street.
你可以在25號大街下車。
There was deep snow in/on Baker Street.
貝克大街上積雪很深。
還有：
Is there any milk in the fridge?
冰箱里有牛奶嗎?
Please throw your cans in the litter bin.
請把罐頭扔進(jìn)廢物箱。
arrive后接in，用于較小的地方，如車站、機(jī)場、村莊、學(xué)校等，而后接in，用于較大的地方，如城市、省份、國家等。比如：
We arrived at the station before six.
我們六點(diǎn)前到達(dá)火車站。
Our plane arrived in Beijing on time.
我們的飛機(jī)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)北京。
注意常用的搭配用法：
at the airport在機(jī)場
at the door在門口
at the bus stop在公共汽車站
at the supermarket在超市
at the South Pole在南極
at home在家里
at the station在車站
at the crossing在十字路口
at the foot of在…腳下
at the end of在…末端
at school在學(xué)校
in one’s home在家
英語作業(yè)
一、選擇填空。
1. Much has been done to reduce the greenhouse effect ___ the past three years.
A. since B. till
C. to D. over
2.___ New Year’s Eve people usually don’t go to bed ___ midnight.
A. On, until B. Till, at
C. By, since D. In, for
參考答案：
1-2：DA
二、分析句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，并譯成中文。
The charred remains of fourteen more victims have been found in and around the northern California town of Paradise, and two bodies were also discovered in Malibu, officials said on Saturday, raising the death toll to 25. 【The Guardian】
表示位置關(guān)系的介詞
2.in, to
in表示事物在區(qū)域內(nèi)，to表示事物對另一事物的位置。比如：
The restaurant lies in the north of the square.
餐館位于廣場北面。
The restaurant lies to the north of the square.
餐館位于購物中心北面。
注意以下常用的搭配：
in the world在世界上
in the middle of在…中
in the centre of在…中心
in the neighbourhood在街坊里
in the playground在操場上
in/on the street在街上
例句：
I was in the middle of the back row.
我在后排的中間。
Madrid is the capital in the center of the country.
馬德里是西班牙的首都 位于整個(gè)國家的中部。
A man had accosted me in the street.
一個(gè)男的在街上和我搭訕。
英語作業(yè)
一、選擇填空。
1. Now people can travel round the world on a ship sometimes ___ weeks or months.
A. until B. for
C. on D. by
2.He was offered a job as a clerk in a bank, and has worked there ___ then.
A. after B. by
C. from D. from
參考答案：
1-2：BD
二、分析句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，并譯成中文。
Multiple media outlets, including the Guardian, have reported that Omar lived in the vast Dadaab camp, which opened to receive civil war refugees around the same time as the Utango facility. 【The Guardian】
英語語法：介詞from...to, till/until的用法。
介詞用于名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類、短語或從句前，表示與其他成分的關(guān)系。介詞可以與名詞、形容詞和動(dòng)詞搭配表示不同的意義。
2.表示某一時(shí)間的介詞
4)from…to…, till/until
from…to…表示從一點(diǎn)時(shí)間到另一點(diǎn)時(shí)間的一個(gè)階段。比如：
The bank is open from 9a.m. to 6 p.m. every day.
這家銀行每天上午九點(diǎn)到下午六點(diǎn)營業(yè)。
Adams was in New York from 1956 to 1967.
亞當(dāng)從1956年到1967年在紐約。
till/until表示某動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到某一時(shí)間終止。比如：
The supermarket is open till midnight.
這家超市一直開到半
The student didn’t leave the park until 4 p.m.
學(xué)生們直到下午四點(diǎn)才離開公園。
The matter will keep till tomorrow.
這件事擱到明天再說。
英語作業(yè)
一、選擇填空。
1. ___ about fifty years, electricallypowered cars will be a common sight in streets.
A. For B. Over
C. In D. After
2. ___ recent years, tea has becomemore popular than coffee.
A. For B. In
C. Until D. Since
參考答案：
1-2：CB
二、分析句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，并譯成中文。
Instead of bringing calm to the besieged Yemeni city, calls for a ceasefire in Hodeidah have brought some of the worst violence the vital port has yet faced in the three-year war. 【The Guardian】
介詞用于名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類、短語或從句前，表示與其他成分的關(guān)系。介詞可以與名詞、形容詞和動(dòng)詞搭配表示不同的意義。
1.表示時(shí)間段的介詞
1)in, after的用法
“in+表示時(shí)間段的名詞詞組”指從現(xiàn)在起往后推算一段時(shí)間，“after+時(shí)間段”表示從過去某時(shí)間往后推算一段時(shí)間。比如：
The performance will start in two hours/in two hours’ time.
演出再過兩小時(shí)開始。
He finished middle school in July, and after a month he joined the army.
他七月份中學(xué)畢業(yè)，一個(gè)月以后參了軍。
2)in, during的用法
in, during表示在一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)。比如：
The railway station was built in a year.
這個(gè)火車站在一年內(nèi)建成。
During the summer holidays James visited many places of interest.
暑假期間詹姆士參觀了許多名勝地。
during多用于表示在某一特定的時(shí)間內(nèi)，名詞前多用定冠詞the。比如：
during the winter在冬季
during the war在戰(zhàn)爭期間
during the trip在旅游中
during the meal在飯間
during the two years在這兩年中
in通常用于表示年份、月份、季節(jié)和世紀(jì)。比如：
in 1998在1998年
in March在三月
in the 18th century在十八世紀(jì)
in autumn在秋季
注意：at Christmas在圣誕節(jié)
英語作業(yè)
一、選擇填空。
1. ___ the morning of the picnic, the sky was blue and the sun was shining.
A. In B. On
C. By D. To
2. The three of them talked together___ a while and then went back to work.
A. for B. in
C. since D. at
參考答案：
1-2：BA
二、分析句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，并譯成中文。
Angela Merkel has announced she will not seek another term as German chancellor when her mandate finishes in 2021, ending more than a decade in which she has dominated European politics. 【The Guardian】
er的用法。
介詞用于名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類、短語或從句前，表示與其他成分的關(guān)系。介詞可以與名詞、形容詞和動(dòng)詞搭配表示不同的意義。
1.表示時(shí)間段的介詞
3)in/during/for/over+the last past+時(shí)間段
表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，句中謂語動(dòng)詞多用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。比如：
In the last three years Shanghai has changed a lot.
過去三年中上海變化很大。
For the past few months they have been busy with their school work.
過去幾個(gè)月中他們忙于功課。
over常用于表示某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，指時(shí)間延續(xù)。比如：
These places were rebuilt over the following years.
這些宮殿是后來幾年中重修的。
4)for的用法
表示延續(xù)一段時(shí)間。比如：
I’ll stay in the hotel for two days.
我將在旅館住兩天。
We have been in the army for three years.
我們在部隊(duì)三年了。
英語作業(yè)
一、選擇填空。
1. ___ the 1960s computers were as large as fridges.
A. For B. With
C. In D. AT
2. ___ this time of the year, there is always much rain, but he weather is warm.
A. In B. For
C. To D. At
參考答案：
1-2：CD
二、分析句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，并譯成中文。
The European Union is pressing ahead with plans for a no-deal Brexit, amid uncertainty about when high-level negotiations will resume. 【The Guardian】
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